Homeland Security: Those Colors are No Joke
by Michael E. Berumen

People sometimes poke fun at the color warnings of the Homeland Security Advisory System, devised in reaction to 9-11. At least this means the scheme has had the beneficial effect of public awareness. Kidding aside, though, a program that is simple to understand and easy to communicate across different media is essential if it is to promote public safety effectively. It is insufficient if the only ones who understand are members of law enforcement and private security. Make certain that you and your employees know what these colors mean and the actions they imply. Let’s review some of the basics with an emphasis on likely targets (e.g., shopping centers, high rises, hospitals, energy plants, water facilities, chemical plants, military and law-enforcement facilities, municipal facilities, amusement parks, and all places where large crowds frequent).

Green (Low): 
There is a low level threat of attack. A good time to plan for emergencies (e.g., evacuation plans), prepare first aid kits, construct contact lists, and conduct practice exercises.

Blue (Guarded): 
There is a general risk of attack. In addition to the foregoing, be alert for suspicious people and activities, assess facility vulnerabilities, and keep track of government warnings.

Yellow (Elevated): 
There is a significant risk of attack. Do the foregoing, and increase checks of facilities and heightened security awareness, checking for unattended packages and informing law enforcement about strangers photographing buildings or asking questions about operations and security. Require identification, visitor’s badges, and escorts for visitors.

Orange (High): 
There is a high risk of attack. Continue the above recommendations. Communicate higher alert level to all personnel and prepare emergency responders. Move automobiles away from critical facilities, deny underground parking, inspect deliveries, restrict access to containers next to critical facilities, search bags, parcels, and people, if necessary. Reduce access to facilities.

Red (Severe): 
A high level of attack exists. Follow the recommendations above. Deny public access to critical facilities, lock the entrances, cancel or delay all non-vital work by contractors. Increase frequency of security inspections and patrols, paying particular attention to buildings, storage tanks, water intake, gas and electric supply, and telecommunications facilities. Restrict or suspend all deliveries to facilities. Immediately advise law enforcement of suspicious activity or people.

It is worth noting that the nation has been at Yellow or above since 9-11. We all hope for the halcyon days of Green. In the meantime, it is up to all Americans to be vigilant and ready to respond. Consult with the experts at your private security company on what you can do to improve the safety of your facility.